As a member of a powerful family, Bathory was not put on trial. The Csejte church and the castle of Csejte do not bear any markings of her possible grave. Countess Elisabeth Bthory (August 7, 1560 - August 21, 1614) was a Hungarian noblewoman who has become renowned as a pre-modern Serial Killer, allegedly kidnapping, torturing, and murdering dozens of young peasant girls. [10] Legends describing her vampiric tendencies, such as the tale that she bathed in the blood of virgins to retain her youth, were generally recorded years after her death and are considered unreliable. If so, login to add it. The count palatine determined, after taking depositions from people living in the area surrounding her estate, that Bthory had tortured and killed more than 600 girls with the assistance of her servants. Transylvanian Countess Elizabeth Bthory "The Blood Countess" (1560-1614) is often described as the first atypical and very rare, pathological hedonist lust female serial killer, as opposed to the more typical profit-motivated "black widows . The Habsburg court owed her money they didn't want to pay. [2] Her servants were put on trial and convicted, whereas Bthory was confined to her home. Hambly. ", in, This page was last edited on 19 August 2022, at 17:33. Said bloodline was also one of generational inbreeding. Worst case? People grew more suspicious after she killed one noble girl. She was born into a powerful and very well connected Transylvanian family. Want to Read. Bthory was born into prominent Protestant nobility in Hungary. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-Bathory. I really liked the introduction of this article because it made me wonder what she did and ask why should she have gotten a stricter punishment, and boy did I find out. Elizabeth Bthory (or Erzsbet, to use the Hungarian spelling) was born into a Hungarian noble family on the 7th August, 1560. After all, legend has it that she bathed in the blood of at least 650 servant girls she had tortured and killed. Later, the interest of the Zpolyas were represented at the Habsburg court by the Voivode's son Stephen IX, who would go on to become Prince of Transylvania and King of Poland. Inside her castles, there were torture chambers. She used tools such as knives, razors, and wax to torture them.12 She would also bite pieces of flesh off of her victims.13 The people who lived in the same town as Bathory saw the girls that she tortured while they ran errands. Stephen VII first proved himself as Count of Temesvr and in 1519 was elected Palatine of Hungary, as which he had to contend with the opposition of the nobility. There were many suspected forms of torture carried out by Bthory. [13] At the time, symptoms relating to epilepsy were diagnosed as falling sickness and treatments included rubbing blood of a non-sufferer on the lips of an epileptic or giving the epileptic a mix of a non-sufferer's blood and piece of skull as their episode ended. Bathing in pure girls blood is heard from a lot in movies but Ive never heard it happening in real life. Hungarian countess Elizabeth Bathory is thought to have murdered hundreds of young women in the early 17th century. If all the stories about her are true, then she is likely the most prolific and vicious female serial killer of all time. At the time of Thurzs investigation, some accused her of being a vampire, while others claimed to have seen her have sex with the Devil. The Torture. She became a leading public health activist during her lifetime. At times, Bathorys husband went away at war, but when he was at home, he shaped Bathory in how she killed.6 Nadasdy enjoyed torturing peasants and servants in brutal ways. While historical documents seem to support the accusations against her, modern research indicates that Bthory, a powerful woman, might have been the target of politically motivated slander that allowed relatives to appropriate her lands. Raised in a noble family, Bathory knew a life of privilege from an early age. In Hungarian the word btor means "brave". Elizabeth Bthory (Hungarian Noblewoman and Serial Killer) Elizabeth Bthory or Erzsebet Bathory was a feared Hungarian countess who became infamous as a torturer and a vicious serial murderer. Majorova convinced Bathory to kill noble women because fewer and fewer servants wanted to work for Bathory. Descendant of both the Ecsed and Somly branches of the Bathory family. Though previous accounts of the murder of peasant women had apparently been ignored, the claims in 1609 that she had slain women from noble families attracted attention. For the 1982 song by Venom, see, Copy of the lost 1585 original portrait of Elizabeth Bthory, The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of, Lengyel Tnde, Vrkonyi Gbor: Bthory Erzsbet - egy asszony lete / Life of a woman, Letters from Thurz to both men on 5 March 1610, printed in, A letter from 12 December 1610 by Elizabeth's son-in-law Zrnyi to, Szdeczky-Kardoss Irma - Bthory Erzsbet igazsga / The truth of Elizabeth Bthory (10 years of research using contemporary correspondence), Infamous Lady the true story of Countess Erzsebet Bathory Kimberly L. Craft 2009 p.298, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The Bloody Countess? Her victims were usually aged between 10 and 14. On December 29, 1610, Count Gyrgy Thurz, who oversaw judicial matters as the lord palatine of Hungary, arrived at Bathory's Castle achtice to investigate the countess' alleged crimes against women of noble birth (any mistreatment of servants was not a concern to authorities). Vitus killed it with three thrusts of his lance and as a reward received the castle. [1], There are counter-arguments made against this theory. Elizabeth Bathory Home & Living. Anna was born roughly in the year 1585, and Katalin approximately 1594. Liz Torture Throw Pillow. She also supposedly kidnapped local girls in the area who would never have come to the castle of their own free will. 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. However, she was arrested and detained prior to the discovery or presentation of the victims. The Chilling Story Of Simon Monjack, The 'Disturbed' Husband Of Brittany Murphy, Michael Hutchence Was One Of The World's Biggest Rock Stars Then He Choked Himself To Death In A Sydney Hotel, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. The servants confessed under torture, which is not credible in contemporary proceedings. [27][28], She wrote a will in September 1610, in which she left all current and future inheritance possession to her children. Likewise, some historians say that witnesses probably provided the incriminating yet contradictory testimonies under duress and that the king called for the death penalty before Bathorys family could intervene on her behalf. [3] She was imprisoned within Castle of Csejte. Bathory gave birth to five children. The body of a 54-year-old Bathory was found on August 21, 1614, in Castle achtice (located in present-day Slovakia), where she'd been imprisoned since 1610. Corrections? I never new much about Elizabeth Bathory other than her obsession with Virgin blood and the occult, but boy did some of these accounts just turn my stomach. [19] Her family, which ruled Transylvania, sought to avoid the loss of Bthory's property which was at risk of being seized by the crown following a public scandal. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. [4], The case of Elizabeth Bthory inspired numerous stories during the 18th and 19th centuries. 2 She came from a wealthy, Protestant family that were significant landowners in Hungary. The family divided into two major branches, which descended from the sons and grandsons of Yes, there are descendants of Elizabeth Bathory that are living today. After the death of the count on the battlefield in January 1604, horrifying suspicions of torture, murder and vampirism were voiced against Elizabeth. Thurzo found a dead body of a girl and two other girls wounded. Another indication that I am an irrelevant old fart! This is thought to be one of the reasons she became obsessed over blood. (shelved 3 times as elizabeth-bathory) avg rating 3.75 256 ratings published 1997. The servants and Majorova who helped gather young women for Bathory to kill were all killed by either burning or beheading as a result of the trial.16 Elizabeth did not face a harsh death sentence. Listen above to the History Uncovered podcast, episode 49: Bloody Mary, also available on, true story behind the real-life Bloody Mary. Elizabeth Bathory was born in 1560 to Baron George VI Bathory and Baroness Anna Bathory in Nyirbator, Hungary. The Bathory Nadasdy family agreed to cancel Matthias's debts- and Matthias decided that Elizabeth Bathory would disappear behind the walls of her castle. Erzsebet Bathory, known more commonly in the Western world by the anglicised name Elizabeth, was born August 7th, 1560, the daughter of Baron George Bathory and Baroness Anna Bathory. . Her cousin, Gyrgy Thurz, count palatine of Hungary, was ordered by Matthias, then king of Hungary, to investigate. Her family betrothed Bathory to Count Ferencz Ndasdy when she was 11 or 12. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. [citation needed] Thurz, along with Paul and her two sons-in-law, originally planned for Bthory to be sent to a nunnery, but as accounts of her actions spread, they decided to keep her under strict house arrest.[22]. One witness stated that Bthory herself had listed 650 victims in her papers, though the number of victims varied in other testimonials and the countess' exact death toll remains unknown. [1], In 1279, King Ladislaus IV rewarded Andrew's brother Hodos[2] [citation needed], Several authors, such as Lszl Nagy and Dr. Irma Szdeczky-Kardoss, have argued that Elizabeth Bthory was a victim of a conspiracy. What struck me the most was how they had seen a girl run out of her castle with a knife still in her foot but did nothing because she was a peasant and only did something once she killed a noble girl. She celebrated 70 years on the throne in June 2022 with her Platinum Jubilee. The servants, accused of aiding her in torture and murder, were put on trial in 1611; three were executed. George and Anna were both Bathorys by birth; he a member of the Ecsed branch of the family and of the Somlyo. For years, citizens were frightened of Elizabeth Bathory. Great job! During her childhood, Bathory had a neurological disorder, and the environment around her only contributed to her sadistic ways. Beauty pioneer Elizabeth Arden opened the doors of her first salon in 1910. The Elizabethan era is named for her. But as the story goes, Bathory didnt stop there. She did this by saying she would give them a higher salary.11 The testimonies included how she killed the girls by mutilating their bodies, starving them, freezing them, and torturing them. The first mention of Bathory's blood baths came 100 years after her death and thus seems to be an invention. Thurzo heard screaming, which led him to find one of Bathorys torture chambers. That said, families of her stature could pretty much do as they wished provided that they were not overtly disloyal to the crown. She eventually was put on trial. Her uncle, Stephen Bathory, was king of Poland. This witch inspired most of Bathorys brutal and sadistic killings. However, it's unlikely Bathory was completely innocent. When the trial ended, Bathorys alleged accomplices one of whom had worked as a wet nurse for the countess children were convicted of witchcraft and burned at the stake. the surrounding dragon being the emblem of the Order of the Dragon. Some witnesses named relatives who died while at the gynaeceum. Bthory was born into prominent Protestant nobility in Hungary. Her father was Baron George VI Bthory of the Ecsed branch of the family, brother of Andrew Bonaventura Bthory, who had been voivode of Transylvania. MINIATURE framed painting art. As a child, Bthory had multiple seizures that may have been caused by epilepsy. This diary, however, appears to have only been a legend. Her family controlled Transylvania, and her uncle, Stephen Bthory, was king of Poland. Extremely well written article. [21], Thurz debated further proceedings with Bthory's son Paul and two of her sons-in-law, Nikola VI Zrinski and Gyrgy Drugeth. Enter a grandparent's name. Elizabeth Bathory, a Hungarian countess, was the daughter of Ann and George Bathory.1 She was born on August 7th, 1590, in Transylvania.2 She came from a wealthy, Protestant family that were significant landowners in Hungary. [45] Before dying, Ndasdy entrusted his heirs and widow to Gyrgy Thurz, who would eventually lead the investigation into Bthory's crimes. Elizabeth Bthory., College of Arts, Humanities, & Social Sciences. In 1610 she was accused of gruesome acts of serial murder and confined to her home of Castle achtice, where she remained until her death. Elizabeth Bthory was born on a family estate in Nyrbtor, Royal Hungary in 1560 or 1561, the daughter of Baron George VI Bthory and Baroness Anna Bthory. From 1585 to 1595, Bthory bore four children. [2][13][16] Born into a privileged family of nobility, Bthory was endowed with wealth, education and a prominent social rank.[17]. [3] The use of needles was also mentioned by the collaborators in court. She was sentenced to life imprisonment (but living in relative luxury) in one of the Bthory castles, instead of being executed, due to her family's influence. When Nadasdy passed away in 1604, he gave his whole estate away to Bathory including his castle, Cachtice, in modern day Slovakia. The family rose to significant influence in Central Europe during the Late Middle Ages, holding high military, administrative and ecclesiastical positions in the Kingdom of Hungary. Sadistic pleasure is considered a far more plausible motive for Bthory's crimes. She was initially buried in the crypt on her estate, but her body was likely moved afterward. Of Stephen's six sons, Ladislaus V (d. 1474) was supreme count of the counties Szatmr and Zarnd, the second Andrew III (d. 1495) was confirmed in his possession of Bujak. She had received it as a wedding gift from her husband, the famed Hungarian war hero Ferenc Ndasdy. She pled innocent to each crime. Orsika's year of birth was probably some time between that of Anna and Katalin, around 1590. [3][6][7][bettersourceneeded] Elizabeth Bthory (or Erzsbet, to use the Hungarian spelling) was born into a Hungarian noble family on the 7th August, 1560. She allegedly expanded her sights and began killing daughters of the gentry who had been sent to Csejte for their education. In fact, some modern Hungarian scholars say that it may have been motivated more by others power and greed than her supposed evil. This article was incredible! Elizabeth Bthory, a Hungarian noblewoman and alleged serial killer from the 16th and 17th centuries, is certainly at the top of the. While she lived unharmed by any authority for years, many young girls went missing or ended up dead. I was also struck by the punishment she got because from everything she did, I would have thought she would have gotten a stricter punishment. The theory is consistent with Hungarian history at that time, which included religious and political conflicts, especially relating to the wars with the Ottoman Empire, the spread of Protestantism and the extension of Habsburg power over Hungary. Countess Elizabeth Bathory, or Erzsbet Bthory, was a wealthy and powerful Hungarian noblewoman whose relations included an uncle who was king of Poland and a nephew who was prince of Transylvania. Many modern Hungarian scholars believe that the accusations against Elizabeth Bathory were exaggerated. Omissions? All of Elizabeth's children were cared for by governesses, as Bthory herself had been. [5][bettersourceneeded] Ladislaus' younger brother George II is the ancestor of the Simolin family, later called Bthory of Simolin (see below). Witnesses claimed that Bathorys favorite method of torture was using scissors to mutilate her victims bodies and faces. However, this is a fairly contemporary copy of that original, probably painted in the late 16th century. [8] In a 2018 article for Przegld Nauk Historycznych (Historical Science Review) Aleksandra Bartosiewicz stated that when Bthory was persecuted, the accusations were a spectacle to destroy her family's influence in the region, which was considered a threat to the political interests of her neighbors, including the Habsburg empire.[9]. Bathory sometimes tortured girls by driving needles into their fingers, cutting their noses or lips or whipping them with stinging nettles. Elizabeth Bthory, Hungarian form Bthory Erzsbet, (born August 7, 1560, Nyrbtor, Hungarydied August 21, 1614, Castle Cachtice, Cachtice, Hungary [now in Slovakia]), Hungarian countess who purportedly tortured and murdered hundreds of young women in the 16th and 17th centuries. A student organization of St. Marys University of San Antonio, Texas, featuring scholarly research, writing, and media from students of all disciplines. Elizabeth Bthory, by Gavin R.G. Rate this book. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. . [34] The story came into question in 1817 when the witness accounts (which had surfaced in 1765) were published for the first time. Instant DIGITAL DOWNLOAD . [16] The threat of attack was significant, for the village of Csejte had previously been plundered by the Ottomans while Srvr, located near the border that divided Royal Hungary and Ottoman-occupied Hungary, was in even greater danger. [4], The charges leveled against Bthory have been described by several historians as a witch-hunt. [5][6][7] Other writers, such as Michael Farin in 1989 have said that the accusations against Bthory were supported by testimony from more than 300 individuals, some of whom described physical evidence and the presence of mutilated dead, dying and imprisoned girls found at the time of her arrest. In 1573,[9] Bthory was engaged to Count Ferenc Ndasdy, a member of the Nadasdy family. At first, all appeared to have been well under Bathorys leadership. Anna Bthory was the widow of the last descendant of the Dragfi family and George now seized the castles of the Dragfi. . That evidence included numerous bodies and dead and dying girls found when the castle was entered by Thurz. According to widespread misbelief, Elizabeth Bthory was one of the most notorious serial killers in history, supposedly murdering over 600 women in her castle during her lifetime. Lancer's True Name is Elizabeth Bthory (, "Erzsbet Bthory"), the virginal fourteen year old aspect that had yet to become the monster Carmilla like her older aspect. The Bthory coat of arms, granted in 1325 to the sons of Briccius, was styled in reference to this legend: three horizontally placed teeth surrounded by a dragon biting its own tail,[4] Bthory is said to have begun killing daughters of the lesser gentry, who were sent to her gynaeceum by their parents to learn courtly etiquette. I was researching about it today and I found a family tree of her husband Ferenc Nadasdy. Just go lie down." [10], Another branch of the family are the Bthory of Simolin family, which was named after their estate Simony (or Simolin). The testimony against Bathory could have included true tales about how harshly she acted with lower classes. [3], The younger branch of the family, the Bthory of Ecsed, were descended from Luke, the youngest son of Briccius. [30] She was buried in the church of Csejte on 25 November 1614,[30] but according to some sources due to the villagers' uproar over having the Countess buried in their cemetery, her body was moved to her birth home at Ecsed, where it was interred at the Bthory family crypt. [3] Some insist she inspired Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897),[11] although Stoker's notes on the novel provided no direct evidence to support this hypothesis. [36] It is difficult to know how accurate his account of events is. However, this depraved action isn't backed up by contemporaneous witness accounts (which otherwise didn't shy away from gore). For example, he instructed her to strip her servants naked, cover them in honey, and let bugs eat at them.8 Elizabeths husband, Nadasdy, was yet another influence to why she became obsessed with torturing her servants. She was raised at the family castle in Ecsd, Hungary. Elizabeth Bathory (1560-1614) was a countess who lived in Transylvania, then a part of the Kingdom of Hungary. As she was not convicted of a crime, Bathory's holdings passed to family members instead of being seized. She had everything going for her in her life, she was rich, beautiful, and her family was well . As Gyrgy Thurz wrote, Elizabeth Bthory was locked in a bricked room, but according to other sources (written documents from the visit of priests, July 1614), she was able to move freely and unhindered in the castle, more akin to house arrest. [2] Her family ruled Transylvania as an independent region within the Hungarian kingdom. It seems most likely that the claim of Thurz's discovering Bthory covered in blood has been the embellishment of fictionalized accounts. She allegedly tortured and murdered these women between 1585 and 1609. [26], On 25 January 1611, Thurz wrote a letter to King Matthias describing that they had captured and confined Bthory to her castle. Thurz ordered two notaries, Andrs Keresztry and Mzes Czirky,[19] to collect evidence in March 1610. So, Hungarian King Matthias II sent his highest-ranking representative, Gyrgy Thurz, to investigate the complaints against her. (726) $5.00. Ndasdy was the son of Baron Tams Ndasdy de Ndasd et Fogarasfld and Orsolya Kanizsai. She was born on a family estate in Nyrbtor, Hungary, and spent her childhood at Ecsed Castle. About Erzsbet Bthory, "The Blood Countess". Her family controlled Transylvania, and her uncle, Stephen Bthory, was king of Poland. She was a bloodsucking demon sent from Hell to murder young women. [citation needed], On 8 May 1575, Bthory and Ndasdy were married at the palace of Vranov nad Topou (Varann in Hungarian). During colder parts of the year young women might be stripped naked and forced into deadly ice baths. Simon Kezai, Lzl Veszprmy, Frank Schaer (ed. Elizabeth Blackwell was the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States. Bthory was born into prominent Protestant nobility in Hungary. Bathory took the advice, which turned out be a mistake for her. She supposedly used the instrument to cut off their hands, noses, and genitals. According to Biographics, Bthory also had a steady supply of victims since she had almost 400 peasant women and girls working as servants across her estates. The fact that her parents started this sadistic behavior instead of helping her. Just one grandparent can lead you to many Wikimedia CommonsMany modern Hungarian scholars believe that the accusations against Elizabeth Bathory were exaggerated. Impressed by Stephen, George VI Bthory, of the Ecsed branch, was persuaded to change his allegiance from the Habsburgs to Zpolya, for which the Habsburg king deprived him of his castle Bujak. [9], In 1578, three years into their marriage, Ndasdy became the chief commander of Hungarian troops, leading them to war against the Ottomans. No, Bthory was not a doctor/scientist/midwife. 25 of the Most Evil People the World Has Ever Seen. Where did Elizabeth Bathory grow up? While Elizabeths husband was away at war, she met a witch named Anna Darvulia. There she died in 1614 at age 54. While I had known that this Elizabeth Bathory character would kill her servant girls for blood, I had no idea that she would delight in torturing them. Four of Bathory's servants three females and one male were then arrested, questioned, and subjected to torture. Hungarian royal family prominent in Central Europe from the 13th to 17th centuries, This article is about the Hungarian noble family. Almost everyone has heard the legend of cruel Elisabeth Bthory who bathed in the blood of young virgins to preserve eternal youth. Katarna Benick received a life sentence after evidence showed that she'd been abused by the other women. [clarification needed] She was detained in the castle of Csejte for the remainder of her life, where she died at the age of 54. ), Hodos was the ancestor of the Szokolvi family, see, Moritz Wertner, "Urgeschlechter in Siebenbrgen. 2023 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. The Somly branch, on the other hand, supported John Zpolya, whom the greater part of the Hungarian nobility had elected King. The ruins of Csejte Castle, where Elizabeth Bathory supposedly committed unspeakable crimes. The testimony that Bathory had listed 650 victims was a secondhand accounting of what a court official had discovered yet the official who'd supposedly seen this information didn't testify. In 1575 she married Count Ferencz Ndasdy, a member of another powerful Hungarian family, and subsequently moved to Castle Cachtice, a wedding gift from the Ndasdy family. During the trial, witnesses explained how Bathory would lure in servant girls to kill. 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Elizabeth Arden opened the doors of her stature could pretty much do as they wished provided that they were overtly. Grandparent can lead you to many Wikimedia CommonsMany modern Hungarian scholars believe that the claim Thurz! Ruins of Csejte do not bear any markings of her stature could pretty do! Connected Transylvanian family Baron Tams Ndasdy de Ndasd et Fogarasfld and Orsolya Kanizsai and the of. From a lot in movies but Ive never heard it happening in real life who lived in,!

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